Although there are no side-effects with using TENS machines, people with the following conditions should not use this treatment:
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When the cause of your pain is not known or diagnosed
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Pregnant women (unless in labour, or medically advised)
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If you have a pacemaker
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If you have epilepsy or certain types of heart disease
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If you are unsure, you should consult with a medical professional before you start using this treatment.
TENS machines and their electrode pads should never be used in the following areas:
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On your eyes or brain, as it can affect your intraocular pressure (the fluid pressure inside your eye).
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On the front of your neck. It could cause acute hypertension (a severe increase in blood pressure) or even a laryngospasm (a spasm of the vocal chords).
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Through the chest, by placing an electrode pad on the front and back of your chest wall, or directly over the spinal column. It can be placed either side of your spinal column.
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Across a pacemaker or other indwelling stimulator, including its leads. It risks interference with the device and potential failure.
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On open wounds or areas with broken skin, although around wounds is fine.
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Over a malignant tumour, as studies have shown the potential of electricity to promote cell growth.
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On a pregnant uterus.
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On areas of infection, due to the unknown level of risk. You could potentially cross contaminate with the electrodes themselves, or spread the infection through muscle contractions.
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It should be used with caution on areas of numb or decreased skin sensation. The nerve damage is likely to lessen the effectiveness of the machine, and the inability to feel the electrical currents could cause skin irritation.
Not Feeling an Improvement?
Don’t give up straight away if you think your TENS machine is not doing anything for you. You need to use the unit for at least an hour the first time, try slightly different pad placements, and give your body time to build up a response to the stimulation. In some cases, you might need to have several sessions with your TENS machine before you notice any improvement.
If you’re using the unit for an extended period of time, remove the electrode pads every 3 hours and clean them before reapplying them. This will ensure close contact with your skin, and a direct transmission of electrical pulses. Sometimes it helps to keep mobile and move around while you’re using your TENS machine.
Be aware that TENS treatment may not work for everybody, but keeping an open mind and a positive attitude will greatly increase the chances of it working for you.